Overview
The oesophagus is the food pipe, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Oesophageal cancer develops when abnormal cells grow in the lining of the oesophagus and form a tumour.
There are 2 main types. Adenocarcinoma usually develops where the oesophagus meets the stomach, and squamous cell carcinoma starts in the cells lining the oesophagus.
An oesophageal cancer diagnosis can be a shock. Find helpful information in Just diagnosed, or call Cancer Connect on 13 11 20 to talk it through with our qualified professionals.
What's in this fact sheet
About oesophageal cancer
Understand how the oesophagus works, the types of cancer that start here, and the health professionals involved in your care.
Symptoms and risk factors
Find out what increases the risk of developing oesophageal cancer. Common symptoms include pain when swallowing, heartburn or reflux, unexplained weight loss, and fatigue.
Diagnosis
The main tests are endoscopy and biopsy – a thin tube with a camera is used to look inside the oesophagus and take a sample. You may also have other tests.
Treatment
Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In some cases, immunotherapy or targeted therapy may also be used.
Managing side effects
Side effects of treatment can include difficulty eating, fatigue, nausea and changes to what and how you eat. Learn about ways to manage these.
Questions to ask your doctor
It can be a good idea to prepare a list of questions before your appointments. See our list of questions about oesophageal cancer treatment and care.
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